Diet drinks '˜unhealthy and make no difference to weight gain'
A review of research evidence concludes there is nothing to support claims that sugar-free versions of popular soft drinks can help combat obesity and related diseases such as Type 2 diabetes.
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Hide AdIndustry-sponsored studies reporting “favourable” associations between diet drinks and weight loss may be biased, it claims.
There have been concerns that diet drinks, known as artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs), might lead people to consume more calories by stimulating sweet flavour taste buds.
The new study found that evidence relating to the healthiness of ASBs was inconclusive with randomised controlled trials (RCTs) producing mixed results.
Senior investigator Professor Christopher Millett, from Imperial College London’s School of Public Health, said: “A common perception, which may be influenced by industry marketing, is that because ‘diet’ drinks have no sugar, they must be healthier and aid weight loss when used as a substitute for full sugar versions. However, we found no solid evidence to support this.”
Manufacturing diet drinks was also said to have “negative consequences” for the environment. Up to 300 litres of water was required to produce a single half-litre plastic fizzy soft drink bottle.
The researchers pointed out that research supported by food or beverage companies was more likely to find no evidence of links between sugary drink consumption and obesity than non-industry sponsored research.
Similarly, ASB industry-sponsored research was “more likely to report favourable results and conclusions regarding ASB effects on weight control”.
In many cases, researchers had had failed to disclose conflicts of interest relating to links with the food industry, it was claimed.
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Hide AdCo-author Dr Maria Carolina Borges, from the Federal University of Pelotas in Brazil, said: “The lack of solid evidence on the health effects of ASBs and the potential influence of bias from industry funded studies should be taken seriously when discussing whether ASBs are adequate alternatives to SSBs (sugar-sweetened beverages).”
Leading British nutritionist Professor Susan Jebb, from Oxford University, said despite the mixed evidence, there was no reason to believe that replacing sugary drinks with artificially sweetened alternatives did any harm.
She said: “For people seeking to manage their weight, tap water is without question the best drink to choose, for health and the environment, but for many people who are used to drinking sugary drinks, this will be too hard a change to make. Artificially sweetened drinks are a step in the right direction to cut calories.”