From the chief medical advisor of Tsar Peter the Great to the first prime minister of Canada, we take a look at twelve Scots who became more famous abroad than they were at home.
5. Allan Pinkerton (1819-1884)
Gorbals-born detective and spy, who founded the famous Pinkerton National Detective Agency, of which US President Abraham Lincoln was a client. Photo: Creative Commons
6. Dr John Borthwick Gilchrist (1759-1841)
Scottish surgeon and linguist Dr John Borthwick Gilchrist became widely known for his study of the Hindustani language. His work, which included compiling the first Hindustani dictionary, led to it being adopted as the lingua franca of northern India and what is now Pakistan by British colonists and indigenous people. Photo: Creative Commons
7. Andrew Fisher (1862-1928)
Ayrshire-born socialist who served as Australia's prime minister for three terms in the early 20th century. Photo: Creative Commons
8. Elizabeth Arden (1881-1966)
Founder of the US cosmetics giant, Elizabeth Arden, which is known worldwide.. Photo: Creative Commons