Pets: Be at pains to help care for an arthritic animal

Most people know something about arthritis, particularly the pain it can cause for people living with the condition, but few fully appreciate how it can affect animals.

In fact, our four-legged friends can suffer just as much as us from arthritis, which causes painful and swollen joints.

Degenerative osteoarthritis is the form most commonly seen in pets, affecting both dogs and cats.

It appears in two forms: primary, where the cause is unknown, and secondary, which usually develops as a result of injuries or conditions such as hip dysplasia.

"In healthy animals, a smooth protective layer of cartilage covers the joint surfaces, which are bathed in fluid," explains PDSA senior veterinary surgeon Sean Wensley.

"As our pets get older, this cartilage gradually gets worn away through general wear and tear. This causes inflammation of the joints, pain, stiffness and reduced mobility."

As with so many medical conditions, prevention is always better than cure.

Vets advise ensuring pets maintain a healthy weight through a balanced diet and regular exercise, both of which can help to reduce the risk of arthritis developing in the first place.

In dogs, signs of arthritis can include stiffness after resting, limping, or a reluctance to play or jump.

Daily exercise, including playing and time spent safely off the lead, is essential for a dog's health, mobility and general wellbeing.

Signs a cat may be suffering from arthritis may include stiffness when walking, sleeping more often, a reluctance to jump, or a deteriorating coat.

"Owners of cats and dogs with arthritis may notice a change in their pet's behaviour," says Sean.

"For example, they might become irritable or aggressive because of the pain they are experiencing. Being picked up or moved are the most likely situations in which an arthritic pet will react in this way."

If your pet does have arthritis, your vet will be able to advise an appropriate programme to help alleviate his/her pain.

This could include changes to your pet's diet and regular short amounts of exercise rather than long periods of rest followed by long walks, to help keep problematic joints mobile.

Introducing low impact exercise, such as swimming, may also help, as will keeping your pet's joints warm to help alleviate pain.

Massage or physiotherapy and prescribed medication, such as anti-inflammatories, may also be suggested although drugs cannot cure the condition.

Caring for an arthritic pet involves understanding from an owner and with lots of affection, patience and regular veterinary care, pets can still enjoy a good quality of life.

"If you are worried your pet is showing signs of arthritis you should always consult a vet for a diagnosis," explains Sean.